Shock-absorber.



Patented Jan. 8, 1918.

R. S. CARTER.

SHOCK ABSORBER.

APPLlcAnoN man mm. la. Isls.

UNITED-1sTATEs PATENT OFFICE.

aussnnr. a canna, ornnwnm,unw ronx.

snoek-amparan.

To all whom ztmag commi 4 Be it known thatI, RUSSELL S. CAnTnn, a citizen of the United' States, residin at Hewlett, Long Island, in the county of assau and State ofNew York, have invented the following-described Improvements in Shock-Absorbers. l 1

The invention 4consists inthe special combination of a dash-pot and a spring, together forming the shock absorber, and adapted to be connected between the running-gear and frame of a vehicle or automobile in such manner that thel shock-pressures are always imparted to the dash-pot through theintervention of the spring, and certamimportant advantages thereby attained as hereinbelow explained. The invention also consistsV in various other vfeaturesh'aving to-do with the p lassembly, adjustment and mode of operatlon as'below described and as more particularly and definitely pointed out in the claims.

In the accom an ing sheet of drawings, Fi re 1 is a side elevation of the shock a sor r. F ig. 2 is a top lan of the dash-pot with the spring removed). Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of the dash-pot member with lthe s ring-seat thereon. Fi 4is an en-` large cross-section on line I -IV of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a cross-section on line V-V of Fig. 1. Fi 6 is a perspective detail of -theconnection tween the ,spring and the dashpot. V ,i

The dash-pot consists in the present case ofl a cylindrical casing 1, within which is fitted a piston 2 connected by rod 3 to the ball 4: of a ball and socket joint-forming the attachment. to one of the parts of the` vehicle between which the shock is to be s u pressed, `as for instance to the spring-sha@ e" 5 of an automobile as indicated in Fig. 1.

The casingj is lintended to contain a liquid -ject-to regulation fromy the exterior of thev casing by meansxof a disk valve 7 borne on the end of a. sleeve on the piston rod 3, the edges ofv the valve disk being curved eccentrically to the axis of the piston so that rotation of the sleeve serves to close or -re,`

strict the rt more or less as required. The other 'en of ,the sleeve' 1e provlded with a thread and nut, thereon so arranged that the separations of the running raeentea Jan. s, 191s.

sleeve can beturned to any position desired and then firmly set in that position by screwing they nut 8 into engagement with the shoulder on the ball 4, thus locking the sleeve against' accidental movement. The sleeve thus forms an external means for varyin the restriction to liow past or throu the interior' piston, but other means may e used for the same purpose, and in fact any type of liquid dash-pot may be used according to this invention, although the form shown and the ad'ustment shown is preferred on `account o its obvious simplicity and cheapness of cost, and in the type shown, either the casing or'the piston rod may be' provided with the `jointed or ball and socket 'connection to the vehicle art,.

` The other member of the dash-pot, the cylindrical casing 'in the present case, is connected to the end of the helical spring 12 and the other end of the spring is connected to the 4other vehicle part, for example, to thel girder frame 13,7by a ball and socket joint 14, similar to the jiinted connection tothe spring shackle. he ysprin 12 is made of still` square section steel ro of ample interior diameter to receive the .dash-pot cylinder within' it, or within its end .portion which isconnected to the cylinder, and suchl connection is made by a helically slotted collar 9 permanently secured to the cylinder ,by welding or otherwise, and adapted to hold the -end ofthe spring. The latter can be screwed -into the said helical slot 10 to any extent desired by rotating the casingrelatlvely to the and a set screw 11 locks the sprin 1n -the slot and to the casin in its desire' adjustment and against furt er rotation.

It is apparent that the eective length of andis ring,

the spring 12 is thus susceptible of variation,` I and also that the device as a whole maybe thereby accommodatedl to` diil'erentd normal r` an It will be'understood that the piston 2 holds a mid position inthe cylinder when the vehicle is at rest, and 'is free to yield melther direction fromthat position. The springyielding part ofthe device, i. e. ythe spring 12, is normally free `from stress, when the vehicle is at rest, but is adapted to yield in lob either direction, becoming thereby either i Y distended or compressed, as the case Vmay be.

Movement of .the dash-pot memberscan thus Only occur as the result of shockenergy reframe.

I combination a dash-pot and s r' siliently asplied to it through the said s ring-yiel ing member and innocaseI can t e shock movement be abruptly resisted or stopped b thedead resistance of the vdash- -pot iqui On 'the contrary, the energy of the shock is temporarily `stored in the spring and gradually transmitted in overcoming the inertia and resistance to iiow of the li uid, producing an action and effect on the ve icle which yis much superior to the dashpot action lone .or to operation of'frictional retardin devices now commonly-in use on vautomobi es. The superior eiect occurs from action as a reservoir. for a very considerable.

gortion of the energy of every shock, therey not only exertin its beneficial iniiuence upon the motion o the vehicle, butalso safe-guarding the dash-pot from rupture on extreme jouiices.

'I claiml 1. A vehicle shock absorber comprising in .combination with the spring-connected parte of the vehicle, a dash-pot and spring-yielding', shock-'transmitting connection means therefor, said dash-.pot and means being connected with each other and with saidyehicle parts in tandem relation and `said spring means being adapted for resiliently yielding to shock pressures in both directions. v

` 2. Avehicle shock absor r comprising in -yieL ing i `shock transmitting means t ere or, lconnected substantially in linegwith each other and with said vehicle part in tandem rela- Ation and means f or varying the efectivo y length `of said :Kring-gelding means.

i combination with the sprf $0 mg member 8.-' A vehicle o ck a orber comprising in of a' vehicle, a lon tudina ly spr' ieldeapabe of absorbinguaig temporarily storing' the shock pressure, connected at one end to one of said pa and. a dash-pot device having a'casing an 4piston which -a're connected, respectively, to

the other ofv said vehicle parts and .to the other 'end of said sprin feldin member. Q4. vehicle shock labsgoiler congiprising a ing effect on theA -connected parts- 'li uid dash-pot having one of its members a apted'for connection to one of the vehicle parts, a sprin havin means for connection to thel other o the ve icle parts and adjustably connected to the remaining dash-pot member.

5. A vehicle shock absorber comprising a dashot havi one of its members con-` necte to one o thevehicle parts, a sprin havin means for connection to the other o the ve icle parts and adjustably connected to the remaining dash-pot member, said spring being concentric to the dash-pot. i 6. A vehicle shock absorber comprising a cylindrical dash-pot casing concentrica ly disposed within a helical spring and secured thereto and means whereby the opposite end of the spring and the piston of the dashpot may be secured to the part of the vehicle between which shock is to be suppressed.

7. A vehicle shock absorber comprisn a cylindrical dash-pot casing concentriczly disposed within a helical spring, means whereby said spring may be secured 1to the casin at different points along nits own len and means whereby the o posite end of t e spring andthe piston of t e dash-pot may besecured t0 the parts of the vehicle between which shock is to be suppressed.

8. In a vehicle shock absorber the combination of a helical s rin and Aa dash-pot and means whereby t e re tive rotation of one of said arts with re ect to the other adjusts the hoek absorberto different northe sorher is intended to be connected.

9. In a. vehicle shock-absorber, the combination of a liquid dash-pot member connected to one of thc parts of the vehicle and a spiral spring connected to the other of said parts and to the other member of the dash-pot, the said spring bei adapted to yield vinboth directions of re ative movement between said vehicle arts. l 10. In a vehicle shock a sorber, a liquid dash-pot member connected to one ofthe parts of thevehicle and a spiral springconnected tothe other of said artsand to the other member of the da -pot, the said spring being adapted to yield in either direction of relative movement, in combination 'with means for adjustably restrictingl the liquid iow from one side of the das t piston to the other and means for adjusting the effective lengthof the spring.

- In 'testimony whereof,`I have signedthis RUSSELL s. CARTER.

specification.

mal positions of the parts between which ico. 

